پژوهش ها و چشم اندازهای اقتصادی

پژوهش ها و چشم اندازهای اقتصادی

بررسی اثر متقابل دموکراسی و امنیت حقوق مالکیت بر فساد مالی در کشورهای منتخب

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان
اقدس باغچقی 1
عبداله خوشنودی 2
جواد هراتی 2
1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد رشته علوم اقتصادی دانشگاه بجنورد، بجنورد، ایران
2 استادیار گروه اقتصاد دانشگاه بجنورد، بجنورد، ایران
چکیده
فساد، یکی از پدیده­های جهانی است که از گذشته وجود داشته است و در حال حاضر نیز در تمام کشورهای دنیا اعم از توسعه‌یافته و درحال­توسعه وجود دارد. عوامل مختلف فرهنگی، اجتماعی، اقتصادی و سیاسی، بر فساد اثرگذار هستند. در این میان، امنیت حقوق­ مالکیت و دموکراسی، از عوامل مهم اثرگذار بر فساد مالی هستند. در این مقاله، با استفاده از روش داده­های تابلویی، اثر متقابل دموکراسی و امنیت حقوق مالکیت روی فساد مالی در ۵۹ کشور منتخب توسعه­یافته و در حال توسعه - از در جمله ایران- در دوره ۲۰۱۴-۲۰۰۵ مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. نتایج حاصل از برآورد مدل با شاخص­های مختلف دموکراسی (Polity۲،Political Rights ، FH)، نشان می­دهد که با وجود اینکه حفاظت از حقوق مالکیت، در هر محیط سیاسی باعث کاهش فساد مالی می­شود، وجود دموکراسی در جامعه، به تنهایی نمی­تواند فساد مالی را کاهش دهد و برای اینکه این متغیر بتواند اثر منفی روی فساد مالی داشته باشد، باید با سطوح بالای امنیت حقوق مالکیت همراه شود. به علاوه، با وجود اینکه حفاظت از حقوق مالکیت، در هر محیط سیاسی، فساد را کاهش می­دهد، در سطوح بالای دموکراسی، اثر آن بیشتر می­شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
دموکراسی
امنیت حقوق مالکیت
فساد مالی

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Investigation of the Interaction Effect of Democracy and Security of Property Rights on Corruption in Selected Countries

نویسندگان English

Aghdas Baghcheghi 1
Abdollah Khoshnoodi 2
javad Harati 2
1 M.A. in Economics, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran
2 Assistant Professor of Economics, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran
چکیده English

Corruption is a historical and global phenomenon, which exists in both developed and developing countries. Various cultural, social, economic and political factors affect corruption. Among these, security of property rights and democracy influence financial corruption. In this study, using a panel data system and generalized least squares method, the interactive effects of democracy and security of property rights on corruption are examined in 59 selected developed and developing countries during 2005-2014. The findings of estimations with various indicators of democracy (Polity2, FH, and Political Rights) show that whereas protection of property rights reduces corruption in any political environment, the presence of democracy in society cannot reduce corruption alone. Democracy should be accompanied by high levels of security of property rights in order to affect financial corruption negatively. In addition, while protecting property rights reduces corruption in any political environment, it is more effective against corruption at high levels of democracy.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Democracy
Security of Property Rights
Corruption
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پژوهش ها و چشم اندازهای اقتصادی
دوره 19، شماره 3
پاییز 1398
صفحه 109-144