The transition to a low-carbon economy is not limited to increasing exports of green goods; it also requires the development of productive and technological capabilities for exporting sophisticated green products. This study examines the relationship between digital development and the green export complexity of Iran over the period 2000–2023. The Green Export Complexity Index was constructed using six-digit HS92 trade data and 295 green products. Digital development was measured through four indicators—fixed-line subscriptions, fixed broadband subscriptions, internet users, and mobile-cellular subscriptions—combined using principal component analysis. Long-run relationships were examined using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. The bounds testing results confirm the existence of a long-run relationship among the variables in both specifications. The long-run coefficient of the Digital Development Index is 0.238 in the baseline model and 0.253 after controlling for economic complexity. In both models, the coefficient remains positive and statistically significant at the 1% level, indicating that the main finding is robust. GDP per capita has a negative and statistically significant relationship with green export complexity in both specifications. Human capital is positive and significant in the baseline model but loses significance in the extended model; therefore, this result is not robust. Regulatory quality does not exhibit a significant long-run relationship in either specification. Overall, the findings indicate that expanding digital infrastructure and access is associated with greater green export complexity in Iran, although realizing this potential requires complementary productive and technological capabilities.