Economic complexity indicates the capacity of countries to produce and export knowledge-based goods and services, and in recent years, the digital economy and the quality of governance have been considered as two important factors in strengthening this capacity. This study examines the effect of the digital economy on the economic complexity of 25 selected countries (MENA countries and Iran's eastern neighbors) during the period 2000-2023, emphasizing the role of governance quality and spatial spillovers. The economic complexity index is used as the dependent variable, the digital economy index, the governance quality index, and the interactive variable of digital economy and governance as the main variables, and production, trade openness, and foreign direct investment are entered into the model as control variables.Using the panel spatial camera model, the results show that the digital economy, governance quality, and their interaction variable have a positive and significant effect on economic complexity. Also, spatial spillover effects indicate that digital development, governance improvement, production, trade, and foreign investment in neighboring countries can also affect the economic complexity of countries. Therefore, improving economic complexity requires a combination of digital policies, institutional reforms, attracting technological investment, and strengthening regional cooperation.