پژوهش ها و چشم اندازهای اقتصادی

پژوهش ها و چشم اندازهای اقتصادی

اثر تغییرات کیفیت نهادی ناشی از تکانه‌های نفتی بر پویایی اقتصاد کلان ایران

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد دانشگاه شیراز
2 استاد اقتصاد دانشگاه شیراز
3 دانشیار اقتصاد دانشگاه شیراز
چکیده
در الگوهای تعادل عمومی پویای تصادفی (DSGE) طراحی شده، به نقش کیفیت نهادی در عملکرد اقتصادی، کمتر توجه شده است. این مسأله برای کشورهای صادرکننده نفت، به علت اثرات متقابل کیفیت نهادی و مکانیزم انتشار تکانه‌های نفتی، از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار است. اما این موضوع در قالب یک الگوی رسمی DSGE بررسی نشده است. بنابراین، مطالعه حاضر، به بررسی واکنش متغیرهای اقتصاد کلان در برابر تغییرات کیفیت نهادی ناشی از تکانه‌های نفتی در قالب یک الگوی تعادل عمومی پویای تصادفی کینزی جدید در ایران، به عنوان یک کشور صادرکننده نفت می‌پردازد. در الگوی طراحی شده، نقش کیفیت نهادی و درآمدهای نفتی در بخش‌های خانوارها، بنگاه‌ها، دولت و بانک مرکزی وارد شده است. پس از حل الگو و خطی سازی، اثر تکانه نفتی بر رفتار پویای اقتصاد کلان ایران با استفاده از روش مقداردهی طی دوره 1396-1338 بررسی شده است. نتایج، بیانگر آن است که تخریب کیفیت نهادی ناشی از تکانه­ مثبت نفتی، مانعی جدی در بروز اثرات مثبت انتظاری افزایش درآمد نفتی است. درآمدهای نفتی و تکانه‌های آن، با تخریب کیفیت نهادی کشور نفت‌خیز از مسیرگسترش فعالیت‌های رانت‌جویی، افزایش هزینه‌های مبادلاتی تولید، کاهش اثرگذاری مخارج دولت و انحراف سیاستگذاری‌های پولی و مالی از اهداف مورد نظر، به ایجاد اثرات مخرب بر تولید غیرنفتی ایران در بلند‌مدت می‌انجامد. لذا پیشنهاد می‌شود، مکانیزم تخریب نهادی تکانه‌های نفتی با اصلاح ساختاری در اقتصاد ایران مهار شود. به طور خاص، این آثار تخریبی می­ تواند با قطع وابستگی مستقیم بودجه به درآمدهای نفتی، تا حدودی محدود شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Oil Shocks, Institutional Quality Change and Macroeconomic Dynamics in Iran

نویسندگان English

Mohammad Dehghan Manshadi 1
KARIM ESLAMLOUEYAN 2
Ebrahim Hadian 3
Zahra Dehghan Shabani 3
1 Shiraz University
2 Dept. of Economics, Shiraz University
3 Shiraz University
چکیده English

The interaction between institutional quality and the mechanism of oil shock diffusion might have a significant effect on macroeconomic dynamics in an oil-exporting country. The literature lacks a formal model to address the role of institutional quality in the economic performance of an oil-rich developing economy. Using a new Keynesian dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) framework, this study develops a model to investigate the response of macroeconomic variables to changes in institutional quality resulted from oil shocks in Iran as an important oil-exporting country. Our modeling allows us to show how institutional quality and oil revenues affect households, firms, government, and the central bank. The model is solved and calibrated for the period 1959-2017. The results indicate that the destruction of institutional quality caused by a positive oil shock prevents the Iranian economy from reaping the fruits of an increase in oil revenues. Oil revenues and their shocks by destroying the institutional quality through the expansion of rent-seeking activities, increasing transaction costs of production, reducing the impact of government spending, and diverting monetary and fiscal policies from the targets result in negative effects on Iran's non-oil production in the long run.To reduce the destructive effects of oil shocks on institutional quality in the Iranian economy, we suggest the policymakers in Iran reduce the dependency of the government budget on oil revenues.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Institutional quality
Oil Shocks
Oil Exporting Countries
Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE)
Iran
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