پژوهش ها و چشم اندازهای اقتصادی

پژوهش ها و چشم اندازهای اقتصادی

بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر شدت صادرات صنایع تولیدکننده وسایل حمل و نقل ایران طی دوره (1393-1379) با تأکید بر اثر مالکیت خصوصی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان
فاطمه کرمپور گروهی 1
علی دهقانی 2
1 کارشناس ارشد اقتصاد، مدرس دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد کرمان، کرمان، ایران
2 استادیار اقتصاد، عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران
چکیده
این مطالعه، به ارزیابی اثر نوع مالکیت بر صادرات در صنایع تولیدکننده وسایل حمل و نقل ایران پرداخته است. علاوه بر این، اثر متغیرهای رقابت پذیری، اندازه بنگاه، نرخ ارز حقیقی و هزینه­های تحقیق و توسعه نیز بر صادرات صنایع فوق، مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. داده­های ترکیبی مورد نظر با توجه به طبقه­بندی استاندارد (ISIC) در کدهای 4 رقمی مرتبط با صنایع تولیدکننده وسایل حمل و نقل ایران طی دوره 1393-1379 شکل یافته است. برای برآورد مدل اقتصادسنجی این مطالعه، تکنیک داده­های ترکیبی پویا و روش گشتاروهای تعمیم­یافته دو مرحله­ای (روش آرلانو و باند) استفاده شده است. نتایج حاصل از تخمین مدل، حاکی از اثر مثبت و معنادار مالکیت خصوصی، هزینه­های تحقیق و توسعه و رقابت پذیری بر شدت صادرات در صنایع تولیدکننده وسایل حمل و نقل ایران است. با توجه به اثر مثبت متغیر نسبت تعداد بنگاه­های خصوصی به کل بنگاه­ها بر صادرات صنایع فوق، فراهم کردن زمینۀ ورود برای سایر بنگاه­های خصوصی که قصد تولید و صادرات در صنایع تولیدکننده وسایل حمل و نقل را دارند، می­تواند گامی بلند در جهت ارتقای تولید و تجارت خارجی در ایران باشد. علاوه بر این، نتایج نشان می­دهد که نرخ ارز حقیقی بر شدت صادرات صنایع مذکور، تأثیر معنی داری ندارد و بالا بودن نرخ تعرفه واردات وسایل حمل و نقل در ایران و بالا بودن قیمت نسبی این محصولات در مقایسه با قیمت­های جهانی، امکان صادرات محصولات تولیدی این صنایع را در ایران، محدود کرده است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
شدت صادرات
مالکیت خصوصی
نرخ ارز حقیقی
صنایع تولیدکننده وسایل حمل و نقل ایران
رویکرد گشتاورهای تعمیم یافته پویا (GMM)

عنوان مقاله English

Factors Affecting Export Intensity of Iran's Vehicles Manufacturing Industries with Emphasis on Private Ownership Effect

نویسندگان English

fatemeh karampoor goruhi 1
ali dehghani 2
1 M.A. in Economics, Islamic Azad University, Kerman Branch (IAUK), Kerman, Iran
2 Assistant Professor of Economics, Faculty of Industrial Engineering & Management, Shahrood University of Technology
چکیده English

This study examines the effects of ownership, competitiveness, firm size and research and development (R&D) expenditure on exports of Iran's vehicles manufacturing industries. A panel data model is set up using 4-digit codes of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) related to vehicles manufacturing industries in Iran over the period 2005-2013. The dynamic panel data technique and two-stage generalized method of moments (Arellano and Band method) are used to estimate the econometric model. The estimation results indicate positive and significant effects of private ownership, R&D expenditure and competitiveness on export intensity in Iran's vehicles manufacturing industries. According to the positive effect of the private ownership on exports, facilitating the entrance of the other private firms aiming at producing and exporting of vehicles’ products can be a considerable step for promoting foreign trade in Iran. In addition, findings show that real exchange rate has no significant effect on export intensity among mentioned industries. Moreover, higher tariff rates on imports of vehicles in Iran and higher relative prices of vehicles compared to world prices have limited the potential of exporting the products of such industries.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Export intensity
Private ownership
Real exchange rate
Vehicles manufacturing industry
Dynamic Generalized Method of Moments (DGMM)
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پژوهش ها و چشم اندازهای اقتصادی
دوره 19، شماره 2
تابستان 1398
صفحه 109-124