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The sign-semantics approach, which brings together structuralist semiotics and narrative discourse analysis, addresses sensory and perceptual factors in the process of meaning production. This  approach has evolved out of a series of developments in semiotics in the twentieth century such as Peirce’s philosophical semiotics, Saussure’s linguistic semiotics, Greimas’ discursive semiotics, and phenomenology. It provides a precise framework from which to analyze the process of meaning production. According, it can be used to analyze scriptures, particularly the holy Quran. In current Quranic studies, unlike the past, a holistic approach which considers this holy book as a coherent and integrated whole wherein there is an organic connection between verses and chapters is utilized by scholars. This study, drawing on pot-Greimasian sign-semantics semiotics (tensive model) as practiced in Iran by Hamidreza Shairi, analyzes the process of meaning production in Shams Surah. The study finds that the process of meaning production                                                                       is based on “intensite” and “extensite” patterns.
 

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One of the style-oriented features of narrative texts is frequent application of “epithet” with various functions. In documents and texts of narrations, epithet often refers to persons through expressing the parentage relationships, such as a proper noun; however, in addition to the foregoing, in many of cases not as per such parentage relationships, but through a virtual implication, it makes a certain name for someone to show him/her as considerable in being attributed to a certain feature, so that again it virtually names other phenomena or even abstract concepts. Whereas the epithet discussion is fully based on Arabic culture, it causes certain challenges in translating narrative texts into Persian; especially due to the fact that apparent inclusion of the same in Persian text as a proper noun hides the relevant variable semantic implications; like the fact that due to the syntax and spelling differences between Arabic and Persian languages, the aforementioned also causes further problems in terms of writing. The action of translating narrative text into Persian language enjoys a considerable background, but after all, the problems caused by epithet inclusion in such action have not been studied in any independent work. Relying on several samples taken from the narrations of Bihar Al- Anwar Book, this study addresses and analyzes some of the major issues caused by transferring epithet in translating narrative text into Persian and then practically gives certain solutions to solve such issues and problems.

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Background: Tuberculosis is one of the infectious diseases worldwide that has resurgence by the AIDS epidemic and led to the rise of drug-resistant tuberculosis patients. Thus, it seems essential to monitor the drug susceptibility in tuberculosis patients. The new High Resolution Melting (HRM) method is simple, rapid and inexpensive for detection of the mutations responsible for drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. In this study, we used HRM method to detect mutations in samples collected from tuberculosis patients. Materials and Methods: Three thousand sputum samples were collected from patients with suspected tuberculosis referred to Iran Remedial Center over a period of 2 years, out of which 2000 samples were found positive for M. Tuberculosis on direct smear. After extraction of genomic DNA from sputums, HRM method was used to detection of mutations in katG and inhA genes. Results: Our findings showed that 120 out of 2000 positive smear samples were resistant to isoniazid due to mutations in katG and inhA genes, out of which, 25 mutation was found in inhA gene  and 95 mutation in katG gene. Conclusion: The HRM method is quick, easy and affordable without need of culture and any post PCR process for diagnosing of drug resistance in tuberculosis clinical samples.

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The aphid species, Cinara pini (Linnaeus, 1758) reported in our previous work as a new aphid on pinus trees for Iran, was described using the classic method and through analysis of COI gene sequence. In the next step, we addressed the efficiency of the entomopathogenic fungus, Lecanicillium longisporum (Zimm.) Zare and Gams strain LRC 190, on the aphid. The fungus was administered to the second instar nymphs and adults using topical application procedure. The results indicated that the entomopathogen caused 90% mortality in adults over seven days at a concentration of 10⁸ spores/ml, while the same control level was achieved for nymphs by 8 × 10⁷ spores/ml. The LC₅₀ values were obtained as 1.2 × 10⁶ and 6.9 × 10⁵ spores/ml for adults and nymphs, respectively. The present study suggests that the entomopathogenic fungus, L. longisporum could be considered as a potential candidate in biocontrol programs of C. pini. This is the first report on the pathogenicity of L. longisporum on C. pini.

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This paper criticize the adopting a uniform approach in translation of the Qur'an to deal with different verses with different subjects, objectives and modes of expression. The important issue is that to adopt a uniform approach in translations of the different verses to how much different verses can be translated offer,and which method can apply a procedure that can fit the theme and purpose and style of verses in translation?The method of research will be analytical -comparative. It is referred to two theories in the analysis section.1- Function of language translation theory which argues roles to achieve balance in the translation and the translation method should be chosen according to the function of language. 2- Coherence theory argues that the Quran while having the consistency overall, the signs are looking at a variety of objectives and tailored to the variety of methods with using different methods of expression.The two arguments for the translation of the Quran have concluded that the type of language function in the production of each verse should fit the themeand target accuracy and mutually of the verses.In comparison method, four samples from four different translation methods are selected and in these four verses will be analyzed with different expression of the comparative analysis.This analysis show that each of the methods encountering a verse,in reaching equilibrium in translation from the perspective of language function has been more successful than other methods.

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This study was conducted to investigate commercial formulations of insecticides against western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande).The insects were collected from commercial greenhouses of cucumber in Varamin, Iran. The tested insecticides were diazinon (EC 60%), cypermethrin (EC 40%), fipronil (EC 2.5%), imidacloprid (SC 35%) and a botanical insecticide oxymatrine (Kingbo, AS 0.6%). Fipronil had the highest efficacy among all tested insecticides (LC₅₀ = 17.97 ppm). However, imidacloprid had the lowest efficacy (LC₅₀ = 2303 ppm). The oxymatrine was effective (LC₅₀ = 69.94 ppm) after fipronil.

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Backgrounds: SARS-COV-2 infection is not always correlated with protection. Antibody seroprevalence in unvaccinated individuals, which is usually measured by N-specific antibodies, is not necessarily correlated with protection, while antibodies against S protein show a better correlation with protection due to its neutralizing epitopes. In this study, we tried to improve our conception of the hidden perspective of SARS-COV-2 in epidemiological reports and investigate anti-S antibody prevalence among anti-N antibody-positive asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic patients.
Materials & Methods: Blood samples were collected from asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic volunteer participants and symptomatic hospitalized patients with negative PCR results from May 30 to June 17, 2020. Detection of SARS-COV-2 antibodies was done using an ELISA kit targeting N or S protein.
Findings: Totally, 716 samples from volunteer participants and 81 samples from symptomatic hospitalized patients with negative PCR results were evaluated. The test performance-adjusted seroprevalence (95% CI) of SARS-COV-2 antibody was 17.3% (8.8-25.8%) for anti-N IgG in volunteers and 25.5% (12.8-39.7%) for anti-N and anti-S IgM in hospitalized patients. Among anti-N IgG positive infected individuals, 49.2% (21.4 and 78.8%) were anti-S antibody positive.
Conclusion: The results showed that SARS-COV-2 infection sometimes occurs in individuals without symptoms or with mild symptoms, but in more than half of them, the produced antibody is not protective. The findings of hospitalized patients showed that the combination of IgM assay with real-time PCR improved the disease diagnosis by more than 25% in cases with negative molecular test results.

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The present study aimed to analyze the frequent errors in the narrations and hadiths translation of Arabic translation students works to categorize their errors, identify the causes of each type of error and explain their correctness method. To this aim, was used descriptive-analytical method based on the Christian Nord's model for categorizing the translation errors. He divided their errors to four groups of semantic, cultural, linguistic, and specific to the text type. Based on this model, the errors of translators in this study were mean occurrence frequency: semantic (98.3%), specific to the text type (94.3%), linguistic (72.5%) and cultural (55%). Similarly, the reason for their errors in any kind is weakness in these themes: "Reconstruction of logical relationships between sentences in translation," "Transferring the meaning of elements specific to the discourse of hadiths and narratives," "Understanding the linguistic construction of sentences and conveying their exact meaning," and "Conveying the implications of cultural interpretations and cultural elements." Correction of these errors in teaching depends on the use of a systematic set of narratives and hadiths that are categorized based on a variety of errors to improve the translation skills of students in solving the challenges of translating these texts regularly by practicing various samples.

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Study of the relationship between two important variables, emotional intelligence and leadership style, has been the main purpose of this research. The population under study consists of 266 marketing and sales managers from Mashhad food and automobile industries from which a sample of 73 peaple was drawn. Data was collected by means of two questionnaires, including Weisinger’s emotional intelligence questionnair and Barak’s leadership style questionnair. Face validity and split half method were used to determine the questionnaires validity and reliability respectively. The result of split half reliability for emotional intelligence and leadership style questionnaires was known to be .083 and .079 respectively, which the results of the research revealed that there is a positive and meaningful relation between emotional intelligence and transformational leadership style, and a negative relation between emotional intelligence and transactional leadership style of the population under study.

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Steroids are one of the most important and abundant secondary metabolites of marine sponges. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial properties of steroidal fractions derived from the Persian Gulf sponge Axinella sinoxea. Extraction was first done by Acetone and then the fractions were separated through column chromatography with silica gel. Identification of steroidal fractions were done by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Then, antibacterial properties of steroids were identified and minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were investigated by tubular dilution. Two types of steroids including Stigmasta-5,24(28)-dien-3-ol,(3β-24Z) and Ergosta-5,22-dien-3-ol,(3β,22E,24S) were determined. The extracted steroids showed different results regarding the growth inhibition and bactericidal effect on Gram negative (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Vibrio harveyi) and Gram positive (Micrococcus roseus and Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria at different experimental doses. In conclusion, promising results were found regarding the antimicrobial effects of the extracted steroids of the marine sponge from Larak island A. sinoxea. These findings reveal the necessity of more comprehensive investigations for the synthesis of pharmaceutical and antibiotic materials from the  bioactive compounds.

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Squalene is an unsaturated triterpene hydrocarbon and is a precursor of steroids and cholesterol with antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to isolate the squalene from the liver of the Persian Gulf spot tail shark Carcharhinus sorrah and to investigate its antimicrobial activity. Extraction was first done by methanol 70% and then, the squalene was separated through column chromatography with silica gel. Identification of the extracted squalene was done by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Antibacterial properties of the squalene were identified and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were investigated by tubular dilution. Identification of the extracted compounds by GC-MS confirmed the presence of the squalene in the shark liver. Antibacterial studies showed that the squalene inhibited the growth of Gram negative (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Vibrio harveyi) and Gram positive (Micrococcus roseus and Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria. Therefore, this metabolite has the potential to be more investigated for developing new antimicrobial compounds.

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The present study aimed to isolate the steroids and fatty acids from the liver of the Persian Gulf spot tail shark Carcharhinus sorrah and to assess their antifungal activity. Extraction was done by methanol 70% and then, the lipids were separated through column chromatography with silica gel. Identification of the extracted lipids was done by thin layer chromatography and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Then, antifungal activity of the steroids was investigated through determining the minimum inhibition concentration and minimum fungicidal concentration by tubular dilution method against Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans. Identification of the extracted compounds by GC-MS confirmed the presence of these steroids in the shark liver. The identified steroids included compounds of Y-Sitosterol, Desmosterol and Squalene, which showed different results regarding the growth inhibition and fungicidal effects against the microorganisms at different experimental doses. Desmosterol and Squalene at minimum concentration induced the highest inhibitory effect on the fungus but Y-Sitosterol induced the highest inhibitory effect on the yeast. Squalene showed fungicidal effect only on the fungus and totally, A. fumigatus was more sensitive to the antimicrobial activity of the liver compounds than C.  albicans. In conclusion, promising results were found regarding the antimicrobial activity of the lipid compounds derived from Persian Gulf shark liver, revealing the importance of more comprehensive investigations of these natural compounds for the synthesis of biomedicines from the marine organisms.
 

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Today, the structure of the Arabic press language has suffered from damages that need to be addressed. These problems are mainly due to insufficient attention to grammar rules. There are also some pronunciation and expression problems that cause non-standard language patterns to penetrate the press language. Therefore, it is necessary to recognize these patterns and replace them with standard language patterns. Since Arabic has different types of languages ​​and dialects, it is the standard language that can maintain coherence and unity between them. Promoting and reinforcing standard language patterns is the main job of writers, editors, journalists, and anyone who uses language professionally. Obviously, what is said by these people is usually considered as a standard language and spreads to other educational centers and the media. Currently, the language of the Arabic press suffers from the shortcomings and damages that have affected the body of the language. The media should try to enrich the Arabic language capacities and take advantage of all its possibilities and provide the grounds for the growth and development of the press language, along with extensive social, cultural and political developments, a flood of foreign aggressive words, the increasing speed of innovations and the arrival of new achievements.

1. Introduction
Language is the most important tool to transfer human experience and knowledge. Each society has to have a standard language so that it can be used as the most important communicative factor among people. When non-standard language patterns are propagated, they are accepted as standard patterns across time. As a result, language becomes imperfect and defective from various aspects. The effect of thinking methods and political and social attitudes on language structure is the issue that cannot be ignored. In Arab countries, newspapers which have Islamic attitudes have a special language compared with those that have ethnocentrism attitudes and the newspapers that have just commercial feature. In the text of these newspapers, Quranic words and expressions related to the scope of philosophy, logic and Islamic language are mostly used and a kind of preaching tone can be observed.
The term pathology may not be correct about other languages which traverse natural path of language but it is true about Arabic which is a rhetorical language and has been shaped since 1400 years ago and remained since then.
The main hypothesis of this study is that the most important role of media like press is educational role. Given the pervasive role of media, what is learnt via official references is not at all comparable with degree of effectiveness from the media. But today it is observed that most newspapers work based on trial and error. Permanent engagement in translation, edition or generating public scientific texts without continuous training quickly reduces the awareness of newspapers authors to the level of public scientific topics.

2. Literature Review
In this scope, any resource which criticized and pathologized the standard and press language accurately has not already been published but some resources in which the press language has been referred to some extent are as below: 1) language in the press written by Abdul Rahman Faramarzi: in this book, the process of journalism and press has been explored. 2) Moderm journalism written by Na'im Badiee and Hossein Ghandi: in this book the authors have attempted to make the readers familiar with principles of modern journalism. 3) MA thesis entitled language in the press written by Zhila Ebrahimi: in this thesis, it has been tried to explore the journalistic text which is one of the evidences of standard language from the linguistics viewpoint. 4) The paper entitled the issue of language in mass communication tools, a conversation with Dr. Sahabi: the author in this paper emphasizes that the mass communication tools are the main element of today culture.  5) Mostalahat-e Motadavel fi Al-Sahafi Al-Arabiah written by Mohammad Reza Azizpour: the author has inserted the common expressions of Arabic newspapers along with the selected samples of news. 6) Laghv Al-Elamio written by Sami Sharif and Imen Mansour: this book is composed of eight chapters. In Chapter One, the authors talk about the press language. Then, they propose issues about writing, language of radio and newspaper language.

3. Methodology
This study was conducted via descriptive-analytical and comparative approach. In order to recognize the characteristics of press language and show structural differences of journalistic texts in newspapers and journals, some excerpts of various newspapers in Jordan have been extracted and explored during the years 2000-2020. Mostly they belong to the editorial or leading article of the newspaper that is written by the editor. The index for choosing the press samples was principles of Arabic grammar.

6. Conclusion
The results of the study can be summarized below.
A kind of sincerity has been created between the author and the reader so that the author speaks the reader's mind. Hence, the press language has propelled toward simplicity and sincerity and it is far from formalities.
In recent years, the press authors are anonymous people who are shaped in the heart of the press and have press identity. They owe their popularity to the press.
One of the characteristics of the press in recent years is that they are free of figures of speech and imagery and transfer the subject in the shortest time and the most convenient form.
Today, degree of importance and ups and downs of the subject determine the form and shape of lines of a journalistic text. In recent years, journalistic texts have become personalized and proceeded toward specificity.
Slang and Arabicized words are nowadays used in journalistic texts. Moreover, the press language has gradually inclined toward colloquial language, because the authors believe that the journalistic text must be alive and dynamic and improvised.
 

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In this paper, Effects of runback ice accretion on NACA 23012 airfoil have been studied experimentally and numerically. For this purpose, experiments were applied on runback ice within Reynolds number of 0.6×〖10〗^6 over the angle of attack from 0 degree to 20 degree and then results were compared with the results of clean airfoil. Generally, Having examined behavior of the flow pattern and aerodynamic coefficients of the iced airfoil the results of which were compared to that of the clean airfoil, it can be concluded that icing phenomenon affects aerodynamic performance of the airfoil in two ways; in the first way that occurs at low angles of attack prior to stalling of the airfoil the effect is local .In this case ice accretion on the airfoil contributes to formation of a flow separation bubble behind the ice ridge on the upper surface of the airfoil. After numerical simulation of flow field, flow separation bubble behind the ice ridge was observed. The main effect of icing which is related to the second way occurs at angles of attack close to stall and post-stall. In this case flow pattern around the airfoil as well as aerodynamic coefficients undergo a fundamental change. In addition, it was made clear that runback ice causes stall angle decreases 2 degree and maximum lift reduces about 8 percent.

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Kalila and Demna is one of the invaluable works of the Persian literature. As a result, numerous translations and adaptations have been made of this work. Nasrallah Monshi, a 12-century translator, rendered the work from Arabic to Persian. Mulla Hossein Va’ez Kashefi, a writer in the Safavid period, provided an adaptation of Kalila and Demna which is similar to the original work in its entirety and themes but is different in some other respects.
However, given the fact that he adopted a paraphrasing approach, from linguistic and literary points of view, this version is a free adaptation of Nasrallah Monshi’s Kalila and Demna. Rather than adhering to the original work, it has followed the writing and technical rules of the Safavid literary period in India, adopting the literary style of that era. Drawing on the abovementioned textual changes, this study aimed at discussing Nasrallah Monshi’s translation and Kashefi’s adaptation of Kalila and Demna from a comparative critical point of view using a descriptive-analytical method. The results indicate that, in his adaptation, Va’ez Kashefi has not adhered to Monshi’s style and, given the peculiarities of the language and the literary style of the Safavid period, has created a different work. Moreover, his free style of writing has distinguished his work from Monshi’s Kalila and Demna.

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By using consistency service quality enhancement techniques, service failure possibility is not entirely obliterated even so. In a competitive environment, minimizing time break between the service failure perception and the service recovery with the lowest cost is one of the fast responsiveness companies’ requirements. In this article, modeling service failure response time has been considered, and not only service recovery chain profit optimization was carefully planned but also satisfaction of the consumers who were disturbed by a service failure was considered profoundly. Inconsistency between the optimization of service recovery chain’s total benefit and the existing sections or firms’ local benefit was modeled by bi-level programming approach. The core recovery firm or department plays leader character, and in lower levels, there are firms or departments as followers that make local decisions in the service recovery chain. In this article, a heuristic algorithm was developed to solve the model, and by means of an applied case study, aspects of the results analysis were also riverweed.    

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In structural monitoring, modal parameters extracted from vibration data are commonly used to gain some information about the condition of bridges. However, even small amount of uncertainty in extracted modal parameters has a considerable erroneous impact on different processes of structural monitoring, including structural model updating and damage detection. Accordingly, in this research effects of different data processing methods and types of vibration tests such as ambient vibration and free vibration, on extracted modal parameters, have been studied. In this regard, four methods including Covariance based Stochastic Subspace Identification (Cov-SSI), Eigensystem Realization Algorithm (ERA), Frequency Domain Decomposition (FDD), and Analytical Mode Decomposition - Hilbert (AMD-Hilbert) have been used to estimate modal parameters. SSI and ERA are parametric methods in time domain in which mathematical bases are similar. FDD and AMD-Hilbert are non-parametric methods which work in frequency and time-frequency domain, respectively. SSI and FDD methods were used for ambient vibration test data and ERA was used for free vibration test records, while AMD-Hilbert method was applied for both free and ambient vibration data. In this article, vibration data of six points were measured from a girder of Gisha Bridge using three Molecular-electronic seismometer sensors, roved in three different setups. One sensor was chosen as reference and its position was fixed among different setups. Data of this sensor were later used for merging different setups results. Therefore, to extract modal parameters multi-setup merging approaches were inevitably used. The measurements were done in vertical direction which leads to identifying vertical bending modes. Ambient vibration responses were measured while the bridge was excited by wind and traffic under the bridge. Free vibration responses were measured after making an impact on the girder.  Two approaches were considered for merging. In the first approach setups were analyzed separately and their final results were combined together and in the second one, merging was done before the process of system identification which eliminates any need to analyze multiple times. A numerical model was also simulated to compare with the field results. Filtering of the recorded data was done before beginning of the system identification process to remove the drift and sudden changes in the signals. Data processing on ambient vibration responses resulted in the first three vertical bending modes which are compatible among all methods, to some extent. In addition, the first two vertical bending modes were identified from free vibration data. Similarity of the mode shapes between different methods were assessed using MAC criterion. Compatible results between these two types of test and numerical model, verifies the results. It is seen that FDD and SSI methods obtained more stable and reliable modal parameters among different setups. Results indicate more modes were identified for ambient vibration data compared to free vibration data. Since, in free response of the structure the first modes are more dominant, lower number of modes could be identified. Considering the non-stationary condition of the conducted vibration tests, the results indicate that the post-processing multi-setup merging approach works better than the pre-processing multi-setup merging approach.