Showing 13 results for fathollahi
Mahmood Motevasseli, Jamal fathollahi,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (10-2010)
Abstract
Nowadays, New Institutional Economics (NIE), as the most important heterodox school of thought in Economics, is not only against mainstream, but also supplement. Therefore, due to the lake of adequate representation, the neoclassical economics is sever to explain issues in developing countries, recognition and the use of institutional analysis in solving development problems. Amongst NIE’s, three theorists and Nobel laureates are prominent. They are Ronal Coase, Douglas North and Oliver Williamson.
In this article, the most prominent theories of Williamson, Nobel laureate in 2009 for Governance, are discussed. According to his articles, the most important contribution of Williamson to NIE can be summarized in four categories as follows:
• Transaction cost economics
• Bottom up approach in analyzing development issues
• Four levels of social analysis as a starting point in development reform and
• Economics of governance.
These theories and more specifically, bottom up approach and four level social analysis have a good power in explaining development issues in Iran.
Volume 13, Issue 1 (4-2013)
Abstract
The main goal of this paper is to present a mathematical model for inverse dynamic equation of elastic robotic manipulator with revolute-prismatic joints. Due to the fact that there is no limitation on the number of mechanical arms, the proposed model must be extracted based on a systematic and automotive algorithm. Also according to the high computational complexity, the equations should be formed by a recursive formulation. Hence, a recursive and systematic methodology for deriving the equation of motion of elastic robotic arm with revolute-prismatic joints is presented. The inverse dynamic equations for this robotic system are obtained based on Gibbs-Applle formulation. All dynamic expressions of a link are expressed in the same link local coordinate system. Finally, in order to show the ability of this formulation in deriving and solving the equation of motion of such systems, a computational simulation for a flexible single robotic arm with revolute-prismatic joint is presented.
Volume 14, Issue 6 (11-2012)
Abstract
Fusarium solani wasisolated from diseased roots of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) grown in fields which were severely infected with Fusarium root rot of bean in Markazi Province of Iran. Specific PCR primer pairs were used for the identification and verification of F. solani (Mart.) f.sp. phaseoli (Burkholder) W.C. Snyder and N.H. Hans. Spore suspensions of F. solani f.sp. phaseoli were subjected to gamma irradiation at 130 Gy using Cobalt-60, and 700 mutants were generated. All 700 mutagenized colonies were tested in the greenhouse for reduced pathogenicity. One mutant (M23) showed the best expected reduction of Fusarium root rot and was chosen to be tested as a biocontrol agent in field experiments. Different concentrations of avirulent mutant (avr-M23) were used against Fusarium root rot in the infested field and their effects on the yield of bean plants were evaluated. The biocontrol effect of avr-M23 on Fusarium root rot was significantly improved with increasing its concentration from 103 to 109 conidia ml-1. Best yields (no. of pods per plant and 100-seed weight) were obtained at concentrations of 106 and 109 conidia ml-1. This study confirms that avr-M23 can be used as a biocontrol agent to protect bean plants from Fusarium root rot under field conditions.
Volume 15, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Abstract
Immune checkpoints are molecules that regulators the immune system. However, some tumor cells can express the ligands of immune checkpoints to escape from antitumor immune responses. Some agents, such as antibodies, can inhibit these checkpoints that prevent the immune system from targeting and killing cancer cells. The aim of this study was to express a novel bispecific diabody in periplasmic space of E.coli for simultaneous targeting of two immune checkpoints, cytotoxic T‑lymphocyte‑associated protein 4 (CTLA‑4) and programmed death- ligand 1 (PD‑L1).
The bispecific diabody was constructed based on the variable regions gene of anti PD-L1 and anti CTLA‑4 antibodies. The optimum codon for expression in E. coli was chemically synthesized and subcloned in pET21 expression plasmid. After transformation, the effect of cultivation conditions on periplasmic expression of the protein in E. coli BL21(DE3) was evaluated. Then, the bispecific diabody was purified .
Expression of diabody with a molecular weight of 55 kDa was verified by Sodium dodecyl sulfate‑polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blotting analysis. The best condition for soluble periplasmic expression was obtained to be incubation with 0.5 mM isopropyl β‑D‑1‑thiogalactopyranoside at 23°C. The protein was successfully purified using affinity chromatography with a final yield of 0.4 mg/L. The affinity of the purified protein interaction were checked by ELISA.
Recombinant Diabody protein was cloned, expressed, and purified in a bacterial system and Diabody Interaction with PDL-1 receptor conformed by Cell-Elisa.
Seyyed Mohammad Bagher Najafi, Farshad Momeni, Jamal fathollahi, Bahieh Azzizipour,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (winter 2016)
Abstract
Realization of the knowledge-based economy model is a basic requirement for developing countries. In this model, knowledge plays important role in improving productivity. This paper claims that in a world where the economic ties are formed in terms of the knowledge-based economy, a resource-dependent economic model, regardless of productivity, is not a proper solution for the Iranian economy. Due to the necessity of moving from oil-based to knowledge-based economy in Iran, this paper studies the impact of oil revenues on productivity and realization of knowledge-based economy.
This research employs a descriptive – analytical method to define and identify characteristics of knowledge-based economy and examines the obstacles resulting from spending oil revenues in creating knowledge-based economy.
This paper finds that spending rents from oil revenues, through its reward structure and knowledge direction lead the Iran economy to the unproductive knowledge and consequently low rates of productivity and prevent the creation of productive knowledge, then prevent the realization of the knowledge-based economy in Iran.
Jamal fathollahi, Seyyed Mohammad Bagher Najafi, Zahra Alinajad,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (winter 2016)
Abstract
Production costs include transformation and transaction costs. Transformation costs are expenses of physical production. Transaction costs include the costs of measuring physical properties and legal characteristics of goods exchanged, and the costs of assurance and implementation of contracts, which neoclassical economics ignores them. Transaction costs play important roles in the economic performance because the accumulation of knowledge, specialization, and division of labor and trade boom is an inverse function of the transaction costs per capita. Transaction costs are of different instances. In the Iranian business sector, business goodwill is the most important type of transaction costs. This study aims to estimate the cost of Goodwill of retail businesses in Kermanshah.
This research makes use of institutional economics approach to estimate the cost of goodwill. Data are gathered from a sample of 50 retail units through interviews. The results indicate that total annual cost of goodwill of the retail units amounts to 3014 billion Rials in 2012. Each retail unit bears more than 15 million Rials as average monthly cost-of-goodwill. The value of goodwill capital of retail businesses is estimated about 45,679 billion Rials, equivalent to 53% of the total investments made in Kermanshah in 2012. The findings can be used to amend the capital structure and to increase the share of productive capital.
Volume 15, Issue 12 (2-2016)
Abstract
Direct-expansion solar-assisted heat pumps (DX-SAHP) have been used widely to heat the consuming water of buildings and industrial facilities, domestic and industrial space heating and also, air conditioning. These systems transfer energy from lower temperature source to a higher temperature source. In DX-SAHP systems, In order to optimize the heat transfer of solar radiation to the refrigerant, the flat plate solar collector is used as the evaporator. In this paper, the thermal performance of a DX-SAHP has been studied using numerical simulation for heating the water of a house in Kermanshah. The system mainly employs a bare flat-plate solar collector with a surface area of 4 m2, a hot water tank with the volume of 150 L, a rotary-type hermetic compressor, a thermostatic expansion valve and R-134a is also used as working fluid in the system. The results show that the hours of system operation, during different months in the climate of Kermanshah, vary between 37 to 130 hours and the monthly average COP and the solar collector efficiency vary between 3.96 to 6.71 and 68 to 99 percent respectively. The effect of various parameters, including solar radiation, ambient temperature, collector area, compressor speed, number of collector cover and wind speed have been analyzed on the thermal performance of the system.
Dr Mohammad Bagher Najafi, Dr Jamal fathollahi, Mrs. Farahnaz Mohamadpoor,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (Spring 2019 2019)
Abstract
This paper aims to explain the role of good governance in the realization of the knowledge-based economy within a quadruple helix innovation system (QHIS). It employs an analytical-descriptive method, while focusing on the econometric models within Eviews9 software environment. Theoretically, the paper is based on institutionalism approach. The interaction of good governance and knowledge-based economy is described after defining the concepts of QHIS. Then, the relationships between innovation (as the goal of innovation systems and knowledge-based economy) and good governance indicators are evaluated within an econometric model. To do this, good governance indicators in Iran are compared to those of the Northern Europe and South-Easter Asia as regions enjoying high scores in knowledge-based economy indicators. The findings indicate the impact of good governance on realization of the knowledge-based economy through various channels including property rights, enforcement of contracts, domestic and foreign investment, brain drain, human capital development, and research and development. Alike the conceptual part of paper, the results reveal positive and significant relationships among good governance indicators and innovation. Considering the importance of good governance in realizing a knowledge-based economy, good governance index is selected as the fourth helix in QHIS for Iran.
Volume 19, Issue 9 (September 2019)
Abstract
In the present study, a parametric study has been carried out to investigate the influence of ice accretion on the aerodynamic performance of NACA0012 airfoil through numerical simulations using FENSAP-ICE. The results reveal that at zero angle of attack the ice profile created on the leading edge of the airfoil is symmetric. The most dominant feature in the flow-field of an iced airfoil is a recirculation zone that forms due to concavity regions created on both upper and lower surfaces of the airfoil. The numerical simulations show that the appearance of the recirculation zone alters significantly the aerodynamic coefficients. At the angle of attack 12°, lift coefficient decreases by %20.58 and the drag coefficient increases by %15.92 in comparison with the clean airfoil. The effects of temperature and air flow velocity on the ice accretion created on the NACA0012 were investigated for glaze ice and rime ice. The thickness of ice increases with decreasing temperature, and glaze ice with the sharp horn is created at the temperatures ranging from 0°C to -14°C. Making the transition from glaze ice to rime ice occurs at temperatures varied from -14°C to -16°C and at temperatures below -16°C rime ice is created. In order to eliminate the ice accretion, a thermal de-icing system is simulated. By applying a heat power of 30 watts, the melting of 21.41 gr horn ice starts and the created ice on the airfoil surface is completely melted. It should be noted that with the introduction of thermal de-icing system the runback water flow on the airfoil’s surface occurs.
Volume 20, Issue 81 (4-2023)
Abstract
This paper aims to study Shaharnush Parsipour's novel Touba and the Meaning of the Night" (1368) in the framework of Erving Goffman's theory of Stigma: Management of Spoiled Identity (1963). This theory examines the relationship between people in daily life. This novel narrates the life of Touba from the late Qajar to the Pahlavi period. While using an anthropological approach, the present descriptive-analytical research tries to answer which themes of Goffman's Stigma are more prominent in the novel regarding Touba, who narrates the story. The results indicate that the novel's most important stigmas and labelings are feelings of anonymity or loss of identity, disgust, rejection, anti-currentism, social dissent, and doubts about Touba's character, which often has a psychological and cultural basis. The disrespect, hesitation, ominous feeling of destiny, insecurity, obsession, and inferiority complex, and consequently, the arousal of hatred and revenge surrounded Touba more than anything else.
Dr. Zahra Alinezhad, Dr. Sayed Mohammad Bagher Najafi, Dr. Jamal fathollahi, Dr. Nader Zali,
Volume 21, Issue 1 (spring 2021 2021)
Abstract
The knowledge-based economy is the newest pattern of production in the current era. So far, this pattern has resulted in unique achievements for a wide range of countries. This study aims to classify the provinces of Iran in terms of Knowledge-based economy. The classification of provinces based on their similarity in achieving the knowledge-based production pattern is the first step for correct and realistic planning. The same version cannot be used for different provinces. The regional knowledge-based economy index is defined in three dimensions: education, innovation, and information and communication technology, based on 15 sub-indices. The classification is based on the clustering technique, which is one of the branches of unsupervised learning. To do this, k-means and fuzzy c-means algorithms are used simultaneously to compare their results. The optimal number of clusters is calculated through the Silhouette coefficient. This coefficient also indicates the accuracy of the clustering results. Clustering based on the fuzzy c-means algorithm in 6-cluster case with a Silhouette coefficient of 0.77 is the most appropriate classification for research purposes. The results show that there is a clear discrepancy between different provinces in the context of knowledge-based economy. Tehran and Alborz are in separate clusters and are among the leading classes compared to others, while more than half of the provinces belong to backward cluster.
Volume 25, Issue 2 (Spring 2022)
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) stands as an alternative treatment for drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsies. In this study, we investigated the effects of both low- and high-frequency stimulation (LFS and HFS) of the olfactory bulb on locomotor activity and preferences for spending time in the central or border regions. Rats underwent a kindling procedure involving semi-rapid electrical stimulation (6 stimulations per day) of the hippocampal CA1 region. Fully kindled animals received LFS (1 Hz) or HFS (130 Hz) at four time points: 5 min, 6 h, 24 h, and 30 h after the last kindling stimulation. Subsequently, rats were placed in the open field chamber and allowed free, uninterrupted movement within the respective quadrant of the maze for a single 10-minute period. During this time, tracking software recorded movement, and locomotor activity as well as preferences for spending time in the central or border regions were evaluated. Overall, applying DBS in the olfactory bulb at both low and high frequencies decreased exploration time in the center and increased exploration time in the border for the rats. Furthermore, a higher intensity of HFS was more effective than a lower intensity of HFS in reducing anxiety or altering locomotor behavior. According to the results of the present study it may be suggested that applying DBS affects some aspects of the animals’ activity and therefore, the activity monitoring tests have to be done following DBS application.
Volume 27, Issue 1 (Winter 2024)
Abstract
Introduction: Iron is an essential element that works as a cofactor in mitochondrial respiration, neurotransmitter biosynthesis, and myelination enzymes. Several pieces of evidence reveal that iron accumulates in demyelinating lesions in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), and its intracellular homeostasis is disrupted, which exacerbates inflammation and demyelination.
Methods: We reanalyzed a microarray human MS dataset from GEO DataSests, under accession number GSE108000. We examined differentially expressed genes involved in iron metabolism between different types of MS lesions and peri-lesional normal-appearing white matter (PL-NAWM). We used GEO2R for differential expression analysis and created volcano plots, Venn diagrams, and pie charts for data visualization using RStudio software.
Results: We identified 58 genes involved in iron metabolism within the dataset. The expression of key iron-regulating genes, responsible for iron uptake, storage, and export, including CYBRD1, STEAP3, SLC39A14, FTL, FTH1, and CP were significantly changed. We also indicated significant alterations in the iron regulatory pathways in MS lesions and the PL-NAWM. The most prominent alterations were related to the iron uptake pathway, which showed enhanced activity.
Conclusion: Significant changes in iron regulatory gene expressions across MS lesions and the PL-NAWM may lead to dysregulation in iron homeostasis. This imbalance likely contributes to neurodegenerative processes associated with MS. The modifications in the PL-NAWM can be regarded as early-disease indicators. Recognizing these molecular changes provides valuable insights for facilitating timely MS diagnosis and developing targeted therapeutic strategies.
