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The emotional system is one of the discourses that is examined in the frameworkof the sign semantic model. In this system, the flow of means production is linked to perceptual sensory conditions of the passoniate and the signs- meanings are transformed into dynamic and muitydimensional forms. In this regard, the purpose of the present study is to explain the role of the mentioned process in the style of the passoniateˈs presence  and the evoluation of discours conditions, based on the method of the sign- semantic discourse ,while explaining the emotional process of the story “Al-less va  Al-kelb “. Findings show in the story of Al-less and Al-kelab the emotional system is based on passions. The emotions and passions in the novel, of which anger and despair are the most prominent, have created the emotional system of discourse based on a meaningful and logical flow. The occurrence of two events in a passionate life, betrayal of loved ones and failure to avenge betrayers, has played an important role in transforming the discourse by influencing emotions, as well as, fundamentally changing the text. In the initial partes of the text, the emotion of anger while causing a continuous and dynamic presence of passion, cause the value of revenge in the discourse. In the final partes, the feeling of despaire leads to isolation and passionate absence from the scene of events and the value funection of the text has changed from revenge to surrender.

1. Introduction
Discourse semiotics is one of the new approaches in the study of literary texts, which studies the flow of meaning production in discourse systems by being influenced by the flow of phenomenology and accepting the presence of the human factor between the form of expression and the content. In this approach, the meaning is subject to human feelings and emotions above all else, and without a predetermined program in a moment of discourse, it is formed exactly where it is not expected. In this approach, the signs are placed in a meaningful and close interaction with each other and enjoy a process value. That is, they are examined based on an organized process and in the framework of a series of logical operations in which several components and elements are involved. Studying such an approach provides the conditions for analyzing meaning in the form of several discourses such as cognitive, narrative, tense, etc.
The story "Al-Las and Al-Kalab" by Najib Mahfouz paints a true picture of the deepest human feelings in Arab-speaking societies. In this story, the author has described emotions such as anger, sadness, disappointment, and failure as beautifully as possible. Due to the fact that the author has provided detailed analyses of the psychological states of the characters in this story, by relying on the discourse semantics-symbol model, the emotional mechanism of the said work and the stages of its formation during a flow can be understood. Meaningful and explained in the form of a coherent linguistic system.
 The use of this method in the criticism of the present story is important from the point of view that by relying on it, the emotional signs of the text will have process value and the hidden meanings of the discourse will be studied from multiple angles. Based on what has been said, the purpose of the current research is to examine the stages of emotional system formation in the framework of a process schema, and then to explain the function of this process in the course of the evolution of the discourse as well as the change in the way of life of passoniators.
Research Question(s)

1. What is the role of the emotional process in the discursive advancement of the story "Al-Las and Al-Kalab"?
2. How does this process change the value function of the novel "Al-Las and Al-Kalab" and in what way does it change the type of presence of passoniators?

2. Literature Review
Discourse semiotics is one of the approaches that has attracted the attention of many semioticians, especially experts of the Paris school, in recent decades. Some of the most important works and books written in this field are:
1. Algirdas Germas (1987) "Defects of Meaning" which examines the two semantic systems of coincidence and coincidence. The topics of this book provide the basis for moving from classical and action-oriented semantics to Shushi's and emotion-oriented semantics.
2. Claude Zilberberg and Jacques Fontenay (1998) "Tense and Meaning" proposed the tension axis schema of the discourse. According to them, the foundations of tense discourse are formed based on a dynamic interaction of cognitive and sensory-perceptual relations.
3. Eric Landofsky (2004) has studied the sensory and perceptual dimensions of discourse based on the theory of phenomenology. He has also explained the types of subject-object relationships, such as the principles of "having and possessing" and "unity and matching".
Regarding semantic signs in Iran, countless works have been compiled. Some of the most prominent of these works are:
1.  Hamidreza Shayiri (2009), "Analysis of the semantic sign of discourse" explains the approach of semantic sign and by analyzing examples of literary works, proposes a model for discourse criticism.
2. Morteza Babak Moin (2016) "The missing dimensions of meaning in classical semiotics, the semantic system of adaptation or dance in interaction" which analyzes the four discourse systems considered by Landofsky, i.e. program-oriented system, persuasion, adaptation, and security and risk.
Najib Mahfouz is one of the contemporary Arab writers who has played a very important role in the growth and flourishing the art of fiction writing, to the extent that he has been called the fourth pyramid of Egypt and the "Gustave Flaubert of the West" (Saeed, 2007: 107). Much scientific and literary research has been compiled about this author and his works. Some of the most important research written in connection with this author and her works are:
1. Faramarz Mirzaei and Ahmad Jamal Omidi (2014), "Dynamics of life in competition: Analysis of the semantic sign of discourse in the short story of the void" in the Journal of Language Essays that have studied the function of the emotional process in changing discourse conditions.
2. Behnam Farsi and Ali Sayadani (2015), "Semiotics of the Titles of Najib Mahfouz's "Trilogy" Novel" in the Arabic Language and Literature Journal based on the semiotics of the titles of three novels (Bain al-Qasserin, Qasr al-Shuq, al-Sukarieh) have been examined.
The distinguishing feature of the research "Semantics of emotional discourse in the story of Al-Las and Al-Kalab" with other research written around the works of Najib Mahfouz is that the present research has analyzed the role of the emotional process in the evolution of discourse conditions - to explain as much of the contents as possible. It has integrated psychological analyses with linguistic topics. According to the author's research, no study based on discourse semiotics has analyzed the story of Al-Las and Al-Kalab; Therefore, with the feeling of such necessity, the author tried to explain the new dimensions of the abilities hidden in the works of Najib Mahfouz and a new manifestation of his worldview by using the discussed approach.

3. Methodology
In the current research, it is tried to explain the emotional process of the story "Al-Las and Al-Kalab" based on the semiotic method of discourse semantics and explain the role of this process in the type of presence of the actor and the evolution of the discourse conditions. In this regard, after describing and studying the theoretical concepts of the research, such as the semantic sign approach and tense discourse, the formation of the schema of the emotional process of the story "Al-Las and Al-Kalab" in five stages of emotional stimulation, emotional capacity, emotional identity, emotional excitement and emotional evaluation of the case, we will review the studies and at the end, the results of the research will be stated.

4. Results
In this research, the discourse system of the story "Al-Las and Al-Kalab" was analyzed based on the method of semantic signs and relying on the schema of Fontan's emotional process. In response to the main questions of the research, based on the role of the emotional process in the transformation of the value function of the discourse and the change of the presence of passion, it was assumed that the discourse of the story has angered the emotional atmosphere. The expansion and transcendence of this emotional space are very important in advancing the narrative course of the story. In fact, under the influence of anger, the actor first denies the betrayal, then prepares to take risks and take revenge on the traitors. In this way, he is challenged with the universe, the basis of sensory-emotional flow is formed, and the actor's emotions play an essential role in the type of his presence and the transformation of the value function of the discourse. According to the findings of the research, the occurrence of betrayal has put the subject (Said Mehran) in front of a discourse spark.
In such an environment, the inner emotions of the activist make his dynamic and sensitive presence in the event scene and lead to countless unexpected and out-of-control events such as the killing of innocent people, the escape of Naboye and Alish Sedre, the rescue of Rauf. ¬ Alwan and finally the siege of the police should take shape in the story. Following the creation of action and the production of events, the movement of the discourse has also enjoyed a fast rhythm.
In the final parts, saving the traitors once again puts the actor in front of a spark of discourse and causes a state of despair to appear. The actor with his affectivity from this sensory-emotional state surrenders to absolute passivity in such a way that by accepting his failure in the challenge of revenge, he refuses to enter the world of action and in some way adapts or aligns himself with the world of existence. In this case, the isolation of presence leads to the collapse of meaning and deactivation. Due to the stop of the production of action, the movement of the discourse has a slow rhythm. It can be said that in the discussed story, as a result of the transformation of the emotion of anger into despair, a kind of transformation is also observed in the value function of the discourse. In other words, the value of surrender has been replaced by revenge.
 

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Societies and governments have considered tax as one of the most important ways of public financing. Moreover, identifying new tax capacity to improve tax status and to increase tax incomes is assumed substantial. On the other hand, most economists believe that economic status of a country is affected not only by the economic performance of region but also by the adjacent zones. Therefore, ignoring such spatial factors and linkages may negatively affect the performance of that region. Accordingly, convergence and the related subjects are increasingly drawing the attention of more economists. The present study tries to examine the tax capacity convergence among Iran's provinces during 2001-2011 using Spatial Econometrics in MATLAB software. The findings indicate that meaningful and negative coefficient of the lagged dependent variable represents the convergence of the tax to value added (VA) ratio to its long-term path.  

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With regard to the increasing income inequality, higher unemployment rates, urbanization, economic inefficiency, lack of economic justice in different societies especially within developing countries, and highlighting the role of governments in achieving a better distribution of incomes, the need for good governance is strongly felt.  This study aims to examine the impact of the good governance on income distribution among the South-Western Asia countries during the period from 1996 to 2013. It estimates two panel data models using Stata12 software. In the first model, the index of good governance quality and in the second model, six indicators of good governance are investigated. The results show that the index of governance quality and the indicators of political stability and government effectiveness have negative and significant effects on reducing inequality. Thus, the proper policy-making may improve the distribution of income in these countries.