Today, with the arrival of the new generation of workforce in organizations, one of the most important concerns that any organization faces is low level of motivation and reduced employee participation in training courses. In order to solve this problem, one of the techniques to improve employee interaction with the training course is to use a new approach called gamification. In this way, learners' motivation to participate in training courses and, consequently, the effectiveness of the training course will be increased. The present study aims to identify the challenges of gamification design in human resource training courses based on the experiences of gamification and game experts. In accordance with this goal, a qualitative research project of the inductive theme analysis type has been adopted. Data collected from face-to-face interviews were analyzed and coded according to Clark and Brown's six-step procedure (2006). A total of 190 open codes were identified in the findings, in 23 sub-themes and 5 main themes behavioral dimensions of gamification design, organizational dimensions of gamification design, technical dimensions of gamification design, various aspects of gamification design, executive requirements of gamification design. Therefore, it is expected that by using this model, effective gamified training courses can be designed in the organization that will be useful in training the human resources of the millennial generation.

Today, increasing the efficiency and optimization of energy systems in terms of economic and environmental conditions is of particular importance. So far, several methods have been proposed to increase the heat transfer in thermal systems, including the use of nanofluids and types of fluid flow turbulators. In this research, the application of both nanofluid and twisted tape to improve the heat transfer coefficient were numerically investigated. Different turbulence models were used to simulate fluid turbulence. The results showed that increasing the nanoparticle volume fraction, reducing the twisting ratio, and increasing the Reynolds number resulted in an increase in heat transfer. By reducing the twisting ratio from 15 to 5, the heat transfer rate increases from 8-16%. With rising Reynolds number from 10,000 to 20,000, maximum temperature differences decreases by 4.5%. Moving downstream of the flow, the difference between the maximum temperature of the sections decreases. Increasing the heat transfer and intensifying the effects of the twisted tape to downward are the reasons for this decline.