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Showing 11 results for Mehrnoosh
Volume 0, Issue 0 (Articles accepted at the time of publication 2024)
Abstract
Teaching is a profession which is intermingled with emotional relationships. Teachers’ relationships with their classes have been shown to positively influence their performance. However, despite the novelty of the concept of teacher-class relationship (TCR) in the field of applied linguistics, examining the relationship between language teachers with the whole class has not received due attention. To shed more light on this novel concept and its antecedents, the present study aimed to investigate the role of psychological well-being, foreign language teaching enjoyment and work engagement in the TCR of language teachers. A sample of 428 English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers participated in the study by completing four online questionnaires, namely the Teacher-Class Relationship Scale, the Psychological Well-being at Work (PWBW) Scale, the Foreign Language Teaching Scale (FLTES), and the Engaged Teacher Scale (ETS). The results of structural equation modeling (SEM) indicated that EFL teachers’ psychological well-being, foreign language teaching enjoyment and work engagement were strong predictors of their TCR. In addition, it was revealed that work engagement was the strongest predictor. The findings were discussed regarding the significance of developing EFL teachers’ TCR. This study suggests that EFL teachers with high level of well-being who enjoy their profession and have dedication to their job are more likely to build strong relationships with their classes. Finally, suggestions for future research were provided.
Volume 5, Issue 4 (12-2016)
Abstract
Many environmental and physiological factors affect plant temperature. The objective of this study was to use thermal imagery to investigate robust features for early diagnosis of Botrytis cinerea infection in cut rose flowers under the postharvest application of Methyl Jasmonate (MeJA). Three cases treated with different concentrations of MeJA (0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 µl.l−1), a control (0 µl.l−1 MeJA) and an ethanol-treated case (20 µl.l−1 ethanol) were considered as five treatments in this study. Infrared images of MeJA-treated and non-treated flowers were captured during five consecutive days. Eight days after inoculation, disease severity in all concentrations of MeJA was significantly lower than that of control and ethanol treatments. Maximum temperature difference (MTD) index and median temperature could be used to diagnose the existence and growth of fungal pathogen, at least a day before any significant visual symptoms appear. To identify some robust features for classifying the infected and non-infected flowers, analysis of temperature frequency distribution was implemented. Laplace and normal distributions were considered as the best fitted probability distributions based on the shape of thermal histograms. Parameters of normal and Laplace probability density functions were estimated and the most effective attributes were selected. A radial-basis-function neural network with 60 neurons in the hidden layer was designed to classify and distinguish the infected flowers from the healthy ones. Results showed that the network can classify the infected and non-infected flowers with a 96.4% correct estimation rate.
Volume 7, Issue 4 (9-2018)
Abstract
During a survey in 2016, Convolvulus glomeratus showing symptoms resembling those caused by phytoplasmas were observed in Bandar Abbas, Hormozgan province, Iran. These plants were examined for phytoplasma presence by nested-PCR assays using universal primer pair P1/P7 followed by R16F2n/R16R2. All the infected plants indicated positive results using universal primer pairs of P1/P7 followed by R16F2n/R16R2. Results of phylogenetic and virtual RFLP analyses of the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the phytoplasma associated with Convolvulus glomeratus witches' broom (CgWB) was a strain of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma phoenicium'. The phytoplasma was successfully transmitted to healthy plants by leafhopper, Orosius albicinctus (Distant) which account as a vector of this phytoplasma. This is the first report on the presence of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma phoenicium’ (phytoplasma group 16SrIX-J) in C. glomeratus and its insect vector in Iran.
Volume 9, Issue 2 (2-2020)
Abstract
Despite successful lime witches'-broom (LWB) phytoplasma transmission by Hishimonus phycitis to the lime trees and Bakraee seedlings, there is no published document regarding LWB transmission by H. phycitis to lime seedlings. To study the possibility of vector-based transmission to lime seedlings, the feral leafhoppers were collected in LWB-infected lime orchards and caged on one-year old Mexican lime seedlings. Six months after inoculation, 50% of inoculated seedlings showed typical symptoms of LWB and were strongly positive in PCR assays. To our knowledge, this is the first report of transmission of Ca. P. aurantifolia to Mexican lime seedlings by H. phycitis under greenhouse condition.
Hashem Aghazadeh, Mina Mehrnoosh,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (5-2010)
Volume 10, Issue 1 (5-2010)
Abstract
This study aims to develop a native scale of competitiveness in Iran's commercial banks. Based on the review of theoretical and empirical literatures, a comprehensive competitiveness scale is developed to show the various dimensions of international performance of commercial banks. The validity of the scale is confirmed by 50 experts. The information of the scale is collected using a sample of 300 questionnaires distributed among officers of commercial banks working at international departments of Iran's commercial banks. The main findings of this study can be summarized as follows. 1. The main determinants of native scale for measuring the performance of international departments of commercial banks are financial and non-financial performance, respectively. 2. the Non-financial performance is confirmed in the international departments of all commercial banks. Moreover, the financial performance of international departments in the Melli, Saderat, Mellat and Sepah Banks is approved while the financial performance is not confirmed in the Tejarat Bank.
Vida Varahrami, Mehrnoosh Movahedian,
Volume 17, Issue 2 (Summer 2017 2017)
Volume 17, Issue 2 (Summer 2017 2017)
Abstract
Energy carriers including elasticity play central roles in development of societies. In this paper, we estimate residential electricity demand among the selected counties of Tehran province, i.e., Tehran, Varamin, Firouzkooh, Damavand, using dynamic panel data model over the period 2000- 2014. The most effective variables which explain demand for residential electricity are per capita income, natural gas real price, weather coldness and hotness index and electricity real price. The estimation results of the short run model reveal that demand for electricity decreases by 0.42 percent for one percent increase in electricity real price. The price of substitute energy carrier such as natural gas is of low effect on electricity demand. There is a positive and significant relationship between electricity demand and household's income. The last period electricity demand is the key effective factor in explaining the current electricity demand with a coefficient of 0.65. The estimation results of the long run model show that one percent change in electricity price changes the demand for electricity by -1.2 percent. In addition, demand for electricity increases by 0.1 percent with one percent increase in income.
Volume 17, Issue 104 (October 2020)
Abstract
Yazdi cake is one of the indigenous snacks of Iran that by adding some ingredients can improve its nutritional and textural properties. Green tea extract is high in antioxidants and have a health role. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of green tea extract on physicochemical and sensory properties of Yazdi cake. In this study, green tea extract was added to Yazdi cake formulation at 0, 2.5, 5 and 10% levels. Then the physicochemical properties (moisture, protein, fat, ash, fiber, carbohydrate, Specific weight for cake dough, cake volume, density, porosity, weight loss) and sensory analyze during storage at 2, 4 and 6 days intervals after baking, it was performed according to standard methods. All the prepared cakes containing different concentrations of extract had significant physico-chemical and sensory characteristics and were within the standard range. Observations showed that the addition of green tea extract in cake formulation decreased weight loss, moisture, porosity, density, brightness, ash and sensory scores and increased volume, fiber, fat, protein, carbohydrate and specific gravity. High levels of 5% green tea extract had a negative effect on the quality of the cake. Therefore, the addition of green tea extract at levels of 2.5 and 5% produced an acceptable product cake. Finally, optimization of Yazdi cake formulation to produce a useful product using the investigated characteristics and limits indicated that 2/5% of green tea extract is the most suitable enrichment for Yazdi cake, in which the percent extract there was no adverse change in the physicochemical and sensory properties of the cake.
Volume 21, Issue 152 (October 2024)
Abstract
The aim of this research was to produce a diet beverage based on aloe vera and investigate its physicochemical, microbiological, antioxidant, and sensory properties. To achieve this goal, aloe vera gel at concentrations of 5%, 5.7%, and 10% underwent heat treatment at 80°C for 30 minutes (Treatment A) and 90°C for 3 minutes (Treatment B). Aspartame was added at concentrations of 100, 150, and 200 ppm, and the beverages were stored for a period of 31 days. The study was conducted using a fractional factorial design with 34 samples under investigation. Optimization was performed based on a maximum amount of 10 gr of aloe vera, 200 ppm of aspartame, and a minimum amount of 5 gr of aloe vera and 100 ppm of aspartame. The use of the sweetener aspartame was highly effective in improving the taste of the beverage, as it provides a much sweeter sensation compared to saccharide sugars and is beneficial for diabetic patients. Based on the microbiological test results, the heat treatment (pasteurization) was successful. Furthermore, sensory evaluation showed improvements in taste, aroma, texture, and mouthfeel with the addition of aloe vera gel to the samples with no undesirable characteristics observed. After determining the models and variable combinations using the Design Expert software, an optimized sample was introduced, containing 200 ppm of aspartame, 10 gr of aloe vera, and the optimized pasteurization process, which was Treatment B for 30 minutes. The results of this study indicate that a vegetable-based diet beverage containing aloe vera can be successfully produced as a beneficial product with desirable sensory characteristics that are acceptable to consumers.
Mr Mehrnoosh Patimar, Dr Zahra Zamani,
Volume 24, Issue 4 (Winter 2024)
Volume 24, Issue 4 (Winter 2024)
Abstract
Aim and Introduction
Trade is one of the most important factors for the economic progress of countries, which has become feasible with the globalization of business. In addition, the significant increase in energy consumption after the industrial revolution, aimed at improving the quality of human life, has led to increasing environmental degradation worldwide. Although economic growth is one of the main goals of countries, developed economies are more concerned about its environmental consequences. Unfortunately, it seems that developing countries often overlook environmental protection in their pursuit of desired economic growth.
Green technology is a form of technology that aims to minimize the environmental damage caused by energy consumption by increasing energy efficiency. Examples of this technology include renewable energy sources, energy efficiency measures, waste management, environmental monitoring systems, and electric vehicles, all of which contribute to significantly improving the quality of environment. Green technology and its positive consequences serve as a turning point for mitigating environmental damage and, most importantly, preventing further harm. It has proven to be highly effective and requires the collective efforts of all countries to achieve their economic goals while preserving and expanding their trade relationships, ultimately bringing their technological levels closer together.
Methodology
This research aims to investigate the technology gap and green technology and its effects on international trade between developed countries (Japan, South Korea, France, Germany, the United States, China) and developing countries (Iran, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan). The study utilizes the gravity model and STATA software, analyzing the coefficients obtained from this model to examine how green technology development can have a positive impact on both environment and business. The data used in this analysis spans during 2008 - 2019 and is sourced from UNCTAD and WORLD BANK.
Findings
Based on the estimated results of this study, it has been determined that in developing countries, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the first country had a significant and positive impact on their trade. Therefore, a 1% increase in their GDP leads to an 0.84% increase in their trade. On the other hand, the impact of GDP for the second country is positive but not significant.
Furthermore, in developed countries, a positive and significant effect of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on international trade is observed. A 1% increase in GDP for this group of countries leads to a 13.1% increase in trade for the first country and a 9.4% increase for the second country. Therefore, it can be concluded that an increase in production capacity creates greater capabilities for both groups of countries to enhance exports and trade.
The geographical distance has a significant negative impact on trade in both groups of selected countries. Therefore, a 1% increase in geographical distance leads to a 0.3% decrease in trade for developed countries and a 0.5% decrease in trade for developing countries. As a result, countries tend to prefer trading with their neighboring and geographically closer countries due to economic advantages, especially in transportation sector.
Technology gap has significant negative implications for developed countries and significant positive implications for developing countries. This means that with a one percent increase in technology gap between these countries, the trade of developing countries increases by 0.45 percent and the trade of developed countries decreases by 0.19 percent. Technology gap is considered a trade barrier in developed countries, while it is seen as an advantage in developing countries.
The impact of green technology is positive and significant in both selected groups of countries. One percent increase in green technology transformation results in a 0.91 percent and 1.91 percent increase in trade for developed and developing countries, respectively. This indicates that the adoption of green technology not only does not hinder international trade but can also strengthen trade relations in the green pathway.
Discussion and Conclusion
Transformation of green technology has had a significant and positive impact on trade for both groups of selected countries. This indicates that green technology has found a suitable position in advancing international trade for these countries.
Considering that green technology has a significant impact on development issues and the importance of preserving a clean and sustainable environment for future generations, as well as in line with the findings of this research, governments and societies should invest more in greener and more complex sectors. They should enhance their technical skills and develop the necessary technological infrastructure for the growth of green industries. Additionally, the international community should expand the support for emerging green industries in developing economies by strengthening global trade regulations, particularly through increased efforts by developing countries to acquire this technology.
According to the results obtained, the impact of technology gap on international trade among developing countries is positive and significant. This means that as the technology distance increases, bilateral trade between these countries also increases. Therefore, the mentioned countries, due to their lower level of technology, have a strong inclination to import technology and engage in trade with each other.
Based on the findings of this research, which identifies the technology gap as a stimulating and influential factor in increasing trade among these groups of countries, it is suggested to prioritize the advancement of technology for all countries. It is recommended to maintain a certain level of technology gap in developing countries while simultaneously pursuing alternative policies to harness its positive impact on trade
Trade is one of the most important factors for the economic progress of countries, which has become feasible with the globalization of business. In addition, the significant increase in energy consumption after the industrial revolution, aimed at improving the quality of human life, has led to increasing environmental degradation worldwide. Although economic growth is one of the main goals of countries, developed economies are more concerned about its environmental consequences. Unfortunately, it seems that developing countries often overlook environmental protection in their pursuit of desired economic growth.
Green technology is a form of technology that aims to minimize the environmental damage caused by energy consumption by increasing energy efficiency. Examples of this technology include renewable energy sources, energy efficiency measures, waste management, environmental monitoring systems, and electric vehicles, all of which contribute to significantly improving the quality of environment. Green technology and its positive consequences serve as a turning point for mitigating environmental damage and, most importantly, preventing further harm. It has proven to be highly effective and requires the collective efforts of all countries to achieve their economic goals while preserving and expanding their trade relationships, ultimately bringing their technological levels closer together.
Methodology
This research aims to investigate the technology gap and green technology and its effects on international trade between developed countries (Japan, South Korea, France, Germany, the United States, China) and developing countries (Iran, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan). The study utilizes the gravity model and STATA software, analyzing the coefficients obtained from this model to examine how green technology development can have a positive impact on both environment and business. The data used in this analysis spans during 2008 - 2019 and is sourced from UNCTAD and WORLD BANK.
Findings
Based on the estimated results of this study, it has been determined that in developing countries, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the first country had a significant and positive impact on their trade. Therefore, a 1% increase in their GDP leads to an 0.84% increase in their trade. On the other hand, the impact of GDP for the second country is positive but not significant.
Furthermore, in developed countries, a positive and significant effect of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on international trade is observed. A 1% increase in GDP for this group of countries leads to a 13.1% increase in trade for the first country and a 9.4% increase for the second country. Therefore, it can be concluded that an increase in production capacity creates greater capabilities for both groups of countries to enhance exports and trade.
The geographical distance has a significant negative impact on trade in both groups of selected countries. Therefore, a 1% increase in geographical distance leads to a 0.3% decrease in trade for developed countries and a 0.5% decrease in trade for developing countries. As a result, countries tend to prefer trading with their neighboring and geographically closer countries due to economic advantages, especially in transportation sector.
Technology gap has significant negative implications for developed countries and significant positive implications for developing countries. This means that with a one percent increase in technology gap between these countries, the trade of developing countries increases by 0.45 percent and the trade of developed countries decreases by 0.19 percent. Technology gap is considered a trade barrier in developed countries, while it is seen as an advantage in developing countries.
The impact of green technology is positive and significant in both selected groups of countries. One percent increase in green technology transformation results in a 0.91 percent and 1.91 percent increase in trade for developed and developing countries, respectively. This indicates that the adoption of green technology not only does not hinder international trade but can also strengthen trade relations in the green pathway.
Discussion and Conclusion
Transformation of green technology has had a significant and positive impact on trade for both groups of selected countries. This indicates that green technology has found a suitable position in advancing international trade for these countries.
Considering that green technology has a significant impact on development issues and the importance of preserving a clean and sustainable environment for future generations, as well as in line with the findings of this research, governments and societies should invest more in greener and more complex sectors. They should enhance their technical skills and develop the necessary technological infrastructure for the growth of green industries. Additionally, the international community should expand the support for emerging green industries in developing economies by strengthening global trade regulations, particularly through increased efforts by developing countries to acquire this technology.
According to the results obtained, the impact of technology gap on international trade among developing countries is positive and significant. This means that as the technology distance increases, bilateral trade between these countries also increases. Therefore, the mentioned countries, due to their lower level of technology, have a strong inclination to import technology and engage in trade with each other.
Based on the findings of this research, which identifies the technology gap as a stimulating and influential factor in increasing trade among these groups of countries, it is suggested to prioritize the advancement of technology for all countries. It is recommended to maintain a certain level of technology gap in developing countries while simultaneously pursuing alternative policies to harness its positive impact on trade
Volume 25, Issue 3 (Fall 2021)
Abstract
Introduction: This study evaluates the spatial diffusion theory and relies on its patterns (expansive, hierarchical, continuous and relocation patterns) by studying the spatial pattern of specialized physicians' offices in Mashhad, introducing a different and new pattern of diffusion.
Methodology: The descriptive-analytical and inferential study method and its analysis unit include all the offices of specialized physicians in 27 major medical specialties. For this purpose, using the addresses of specialized physicians' offices (including 2425 addresses), while creating a geographical database of offices according to the type of specialization and using spatial analysis models such as compression profiles, transmission center and standard distance, distribution pattern and origin of office publication were considered. In the next step, using the models of spatial correlation, network analysis and spatial allocation, the method of publishing each of the offices according to the type of specialization was examined and finally, using the distribution diagram and correlation coefficient, the emission rate of each specialty was determined.
Results: The results of this study showed that the publication of offices in the city of Mashhad follows a pattern that can be called the pattern of "reverse space publication". The main feature of this model is the increase in gaps and inequality as a result of increasing the number of services. In this way, with the increase in the number of offices in each specialty, the tendency to place them next to each other increases. Also, contrary to the common pattern of publishing space that shows the redistribution of services from outside the source, the publication of offices of their origin does not occur much. In addition, the tendency to the central position of offices is increasing with the number of them in each specialty.
Conclusion: Understanding this can reveal new dimensions of the hidden layers of physical change in the city of Mashhad and the challenges facing distributive justice.
Volume 27, Issue 2 (March 2025)
Abstract
Micromorphological characteristics of seed sculpturing might be effective in circumscribing the infra-specific taxa in the genus Vicia. The present study was conducted to determine whether microstructural and seed coat texture data obtained from SEM images can serve as sufficient tools for delimiting Vicia genus. Other than visual inspections, a variety of texture-based methods, including the four conventional approaches of GLCM, LBP, LBGLCM, and SFTA, and the four pre-trained convolutional neural networks, namely, ResNet50, VGG16, VGG19, and Xception models were employed to extract features and to classify the species of Vicia genus using SEM images. In a subsequent step, the four unsupervised k-means, Mean-shift, agglomerative, and Gaussian mixture classification methods were used to group the identified Vicia spices based on the underlying features thus extracted. Moreover, the three supervised classifiers of Multilayer Perceptron Network (MLP), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN) were compared in terms of capability in discriminating the different visually-identified classes. SEM results showed that three classes might be identified based on the micromorphological character-species connections and that the differences among the species in the Vicia genus and the validity of Vicia sativa could be confirmed. Regarding the performance of the classifiers, SFTA textural descriptor outperformed the GLCM, LBP, and LBGLCM algorithms, but yielded a decreased accuracy compared with deep learning models. The combined Xception model and a MLP classifier was successful to discriminate the species in the Vicia genus with the best classification performances of 99 and 96% in training and testing, respectively.
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