Showing 3 results for Khodadad Kashi
Farhad Khodadad Kashi, Mansour Zarra Nezhad, Reza Yousefi Hajiabad,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (winter 2013 2014)
Abstract
The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of market structure on innovation and R&D in Iran’s manufacturing sector. To do this, first, statistical data for Iran’s manufacturing sector has been gathered in International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) format, then mutual effects of concentration, innovation and R&D, advertising and profitability in different industrial activities have been analyzed using simultaneous equations system and Error Component Tow Stage Least Squares (EC2SLS) during 1996-2007. The results show that industrial concentration has a significant and inverted U-shaped relationship with innovation and R&D. In addition, R&D expenditure declines with increases in profitability. The investigation of the factors affecting manufacturing structure indicates that although innovation and R&D has no effect on manufacturing structure, but profitability and performance of top firms affect their concentration. Our findings exhibit the ineffectiveness of concentration and innovational behavior on industries performance; whereas increasing market concentration results in advertising expenses and innovational behavior of firms raises advertising expenses. Similarly, the lagged and accumulated effects of R&D confirm the existence of an inverted U-shaped relationship between concentration and R&D
Farhad Khodadad Kashi, Mansour Zarranezhad, Reza Yousefi,
Volume 15, Issue 3 (Autumn 2015 2015)
Abstract
This paper aims to investigate the interaction effects among market concentration, profitability, research and development (R&D), and advertising in Iran’s manufacturing sector. For this purpose, the quarterly data on Iran’s manufacturing sector was gathered in ISIC (International Standard Industrial Classification) codes, then the interaction effects of structure, conduct and performance was analyzed for industrial groups by Vector Error Correction Models (VECM) over the period 1996-2007. The results show that innovation and R&D are related to concentration, profitability and advertising within industries in the long-run. On the other hand, concentration and profitability explain 50% of variations in innovation and R&D; however, profitability, as a performance indicator, has the most effect on R&D activities in long run. Therefore, our finding is in line with Chicago-U.C.L.A theory.
Mrs. Farzaneh Jaydari, Farhad Khodadad Kashi, Asghar Abolhasani, Dr Bagher Darvishi,
Volume 20, Issue 2 (summer 2020 2020)
Abstract
The water distribution department of urban water and wastewater companies is of natural monopoly characteristic, and requires regulating. The aim of this research is to regulate urban water and wastewater companies in Iran using a price-cap regulation approach to improve their productivity. For this purpose, using the data of municipal water and wastewater companies over the period 2011-2016, the X-factor for the price-cap regulation is calculated using two productivity growth and inefficiency balance scenarios. In this scenario building, the quality of service is included in the calculation of the X factor. Experimental results show that the inclusion of the service quality index in the calculation of X-factor reduces the rate of productivity improvement of the companies. In addition, the more efficient companies have the lower X-factors, and as a result, experience a higher price cap. This reality encourages companies to increase their efficiency and productivity.
